Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part G (2025)

Background: Depression is a globally prevalent psychiatric disorder that significantly impairs quality of life. Although synthetic antidepressants are widely used, their adverse effects and incomplete therapeutic response drive the exploration of plant-based alternatives. Clitoria ternatea and Piper betle are traditional Ayurvedic herbs known for their neuropharmacological benefits; however, their combined antidepressant potential has not been scientifically established.

Objective: To evaluate the antidepressant activity of combined extracts of Clitoria ternatea and Piper betle in validated murine models.

Methods: Methanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea and ethanolic extract of Piper betle were prepared after authentication and subjected to phytochemical screening. Acute toxicity studies were performed to determine safety. Mice were divided into groups and administered two combined extract doses (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, p. o.). Antidepressant activity was assessed using Tail Suspension Test (TST), Despair Swim Test (DST). Imipramine (15 mg/kg, p. o.) served as the standard drug. Behavioural parameters such as immobility time, escape failures, avoidance responses, and rectal temperature changes were recorded.

Results: Both doses of the combined extract produced significant antidepressant-like effects in the Tail Suspension Test and Despair Swim Test. A clear dose-dependent reduction in immobility time was observed in both models, with the higher dose showing effects closely comparable to imipramine. These findings indicate improved behavioural coping and strong antidepressant-like activity of the combined extract in mice.

Conclusion: The combined extract of Clitoria ternatea and Piper betle exhibited promising antidepressant activity in mice, supporting its traditional use. The findings suggest a potential plant-based therapeutic candidate for depression, warranting further mechanistic and clinical investigations.