Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part G (2025)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of wound healing scientifically and the antimicrobial potential of aqueous and hydro-methanolic root extracts of Musa paradisiaca (MPAQ and MPHM). Surgical cut and skin removal wound models were carried out employing Wistar albino rodents. Musa paradisiaca, commonly known as banana or plantain, has been traditionally used for treating skin ailments and infections, but limited pharmacological evidence exists regarding its wound-healing potential.

Methods: Roots of Musa paradisiaca were shade-dried, powdered, and extracted using distilled water and 70% methanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening identified major secondary metabolites. Ointment formulations containing 10% (w/w) of both extracts were prepared using a standard simple ointment base. Four groups (n = 6) of healthy Wistar rats were created: aqueous extract (MPAQ), hydro-methanolic extract (MPHM), standard (5% povidone-iodine ointment), and untreated control. Excision and incision wound models were used to assess the possibility for wound healing. Tensile strength, epithelialization time, wound contraction rate, and histological alterations were among the parameters evaluated. To verify safety, dermal toxicity experiments were also carried out in accordance with OECD guideline 404.

Results: Both extracts contained flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, according to phytochemical research. Neither extract produced any dermal irritation or toxicity. Both MPAQ and MPHM exhibited significant (p < 0.05) enhancement in the contraction of wounds and a decrease in the epithelialization period equated to the control group. The MPHM-treated group showed the most noticeable effect, with nearly complete wound closure (96.4%) by day 21 and superior tensile strength (428±12 g). Histopathological evaluation confirmed increased collagen deposition, fibroblast proliferation, and neovascularization in treated groups.

Conclusion: The results establish Musa paradisiaca root extracts as Effective tissue-repairing agents, possibly due to the synergistic effects of flavonoids and tannins contributing antioxidant, antimicrobial, and astringent properties. These findings support its traditional application and highlight its potential for development into standardized phytopharmaceutical wound-healing formulations.