Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part E (2025)

This article explores the multifaceted impact of generic drugs on global healthcare systems, highlighting their crucial role in reducing costs, improving access to essential medicines, and promoting equitable treatment outcomes. It traces the historical evolution of generics, from early pharmaceutical practices to modern regulatory frameworks such as the U.S. FDA's Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) process and WHO’s Prequalification Programme. The article examines regulatory standards across major regions—including the U.S., India, Japan, and Africa—while addressing disparities in oversight and quality control. It underscores the economic benefits of generics, both at the systemic and individual levels, and reviews evidence confirming their clinical effectiveness. Attention is given to the roles of pharmacists, nurses, and other healthcare professionals in fostering trust and adherence to generics. Finally, the article identifies persistent challenges—such as patent barriers, public skepticism, and regulatory inconsistencies—and outlines future opportunities in digital health, regulatory harmonization, and sustainable manufacturing. Overall, the paper emphasizes that generic drugs are indispensable to building cost-effective, resilient, and inclusive healthcare systems worldwide.