Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part D (2025)

The present study indicates that leaf extracts of Abutilon indicum exhibit notable in-vitro antidiabetic properties by inhibiting the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the tested solvent fractions, the methanolic and aqueous extracts demonstrated the most potent inhibitory effects, achieving more than 70% enzyme inhibition at the highest concentration. These findings are consistent with the traditional applications of A. indicum in managing diabetes and imply that polar phytochemicals, such as phenolics and flavonoids, are mainly responsible for the enzyme inhibition. Dose-dependent tests revealed significant increases in inhibition as the concentration of the extract was raised, with polar extracts consistently outperforming their non-polar counterparts. The positive relationship observed between the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase suggests the presence of common bioactive compounds that target carbohydrate digestion. While these in-vitro findings offer mechanistic insights that support the antidiabetic potential of the plant, it is crucial to conduct further in-vivo studies and isolate active constituents to confirm efficacy, bioavailability, and safety. These results advocate for the formulation of A. indicum based natural therapeutics or functional foods as supplementary alternatives for controlling diabetes.